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Table of Contents

1. Overview
1.1 Statement of Report
1.2 About This Report
1.3 Scope of the Report
1.4 Methodology
1.5 Executive Summary
1.6 U.S. Sleep Market
1.6.1 Sleep Drugs Market in the U.S.
1.6.2 U.S. Sleep Apnea Devices Market
1.6.3 U.S. Market for Mattresses and Other Related Products
1.6.4 Sleep Laboratories in the U.S.
1.6.4.1 Locate Sleep Centers in the U.S.
1.7 Future of Sleep Drugs
1.7.1 Sleep Drugs for Jet Lag and Shift Work
1.7.2 Sleep Drugs for Age-related Sleep Issues
1.7.3 Sleep Drugs for Those Who Cannot Sleep Through the Night
1.7.4 Sleep Drugs for Restless Leg Syndrome
1.7.5 Sleep Drugs for Insomnia
1.7.6 Sleep Drugs for Sleep Apnea

2. Introduction to Sleep Disorders
2.1 Sleep Disorders Overview
2.1.1 Sleep Facts from the U.S.
2.1.2 Consequences of Sleep Disorder Problems
2.2 Physiology of Sleep
2.2.1 Sleep Stages
2.2.2 Neutral Control of Sleep
2.3 Current Understanding of Sleep Disorders
2.3.1 Hypersomnia
2.3.1.1 Causes of Hypersomnia
2.3.1.2 Demographics of Hypersomnia
2.3.1.3 Treatment for Hypersomnia
2.4 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
2.4.1 Causes of Sleep Apnea
2.4.2 Symptoms of Sleep Apnea
2.4.3 Demographics of Sleep Apnea
2.4.4 Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea
2.4.5 Treatments
2.4.5.1 Positional Therapy
2.4.5.2 Behavioral Therapy-Weight Loss
2.4.5.3 Oral Appliances
2.4.5.4 Surgery for Sleep Apnea
2.4.5.5 Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Therapy
2.4.5.6 Medications for Sleep Apnea
2.4.6 The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey on Sleep Apnea
2.4.6.1 Age and Sleep Apnea in Men
2.5 Narcolepsy
2.5.1 Demographics of Narcolepsy
2.5.2 Causes of Narcolepsy
2.5.3 Symptoms of Narcolepsy
2.5.4 Diagnosis of Narcolepsy
2.5.5 Treatment for Narcolepsy
2.6 Insomnia
2.6.1 Causes of Insomnia
2.6.2 Symptoms of Insomnia
2.6.3 Demographics of Insomnia
2.6.4 Diagnosis of Insomnia
2.6.5 Insomnia and Obesity
2.6.6 Treatments for Insomnia
2.6.6.1 Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia
2.6.6.2 Treating Insomnia with Medications
2.6.6.3 Alternative Remedies for Insomnia
2.6.7 Insomnia Market
2.6.8 National Sleep Foundations' "Sleep In America Poll"
2.6.8.1 Benzodiazepines
2.6.8.2 The Short-term Gold Standard
2.6.8.3 Emerging Players
2.6.8.4 Insomnia Market Indicators
2.6.8.5 Newer Sedative Drugs for Insomnia in 2008
2.7 Restless Legs Syndrome
2.7.1 Demographics of RLS
2.7.2 Causes of RLS
2.7.3 Symptoms of RLS
2.7.4 Diagnosis of RLS
2.7.5 Treatments for RLS
2.7.5.1 Lifestyle Changes and RLS
2.7.5.2 Treating RLS with Pharmaceuticals
2.8 Circadian Rhythm Disorders
2.8.1 Causes of Circadian Rhythm Disorders
2.8.2 Symptoms
2.8.3 Demographics of Circadian Rhythm Disorders
2.8.4 Diagnosis of Circadian Rhythm Disorders
2.8.5 Treatments for Circadian Rhythm Disorders
2.9 Parasomnias
2.9.1 Nightmare Disorder
2.9.2 Sleep Terror Disorder
2.9.3 Sleep Walking Disorder
2.9.4 Demographics of Parasomnias
2.9.5 Causes and Symptoms of Parasomnias
2.9.6 Diagnosis
2.9.7 Treatment for Parasomnias

3. Drugs Used for Sleep Disorders
3.1 Estazolam
3.2 Flurazepam (Dalmane)
3.3 Temazepam
3.4 Triazolam
3.5 Zopiclone (Inovane)
3.6 Nonbenzodiazepine Hypnotics
3.6.1 Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
3.6.2 Zaleplon (Sonata)
3.6.3 Zolpidem (Ambien, Ambien CR)
3.7 Pineal Gland Hormones
3.7.1 Melatonin
3.7.2 Ramelteon (Rozerem)
3.8 Antihistamines
3.8.1 Benadryl (Diphenhydramine)
3.8.2 Doxylamine
3.9 Antidepressants
3.9.1 Amitriptyline (Elavil)
3.9.2 Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
3.9.3 Nefazodone (Serzone)
3.9.4 Trazodone (Desyrel)
3.9.5 Indiplon
3.9.6 Gaboxadol
3.9.7 Silenor
3.10 Other Substances
3.10.1 Lavender
3.10.2 Passion Flower
3.10.3 Ashwagandha
3.10.4 Catnip
3.10.5 Kava (Piper methysticum)
3.10.6 Valerian
3.11 Aromatherapy
3.12 Some OTC Sleep Gadgets in the Market
3.12.1 Dreamate™
3.12.2 Anti-snoring Pillow
3.12.3 Nasal Dialators
3.12.4 Nasal Strips
3.12.5 Snore Stopper
3.12.6 SleepMate
3.12.7 Antisnor Therapeutic Ring
3.12.8 Ayurvedic Treatment for Insomnia
3.12.9 Yoga for Sleep Disorders
3.12.10 Meditation for Sleep Disorders
3.12.11 Hypnosis for Sleep Disorders
3.13 Homeopathic Treatment for Sleep Disorders
3.13.1 Belladonna
3.13.2 Nux vomica
3.13.3 Chamomilla
3.13.4 Gelsemium
3.13.5 Cannabis Indica

4. A Guide to Better Sleep
4.1 The Normally Required Sleep
4.2 Sleep and Driving
4.3 Tips to Avoid Drowsy Driving
4.4 Tips to Find whether One has Sleep Disorders
4.5 A Good Night's Sleep

5. Sleep Laboratories

6. Profiles of Companies and Their Product Offering
6.1 Device Companies (CPAP and Other)
6.1.1 AEIOmed, Inc. and Product Offerings
6.1.2 Chad Therapeutics, Inc. and Product Offerings
6.1.3 Compumedics Ltd. and Product Offerings
6.1.4 Puritan Bennett (Covidien) and Product Offerings
6.1.5 ResMed Corporation and Product Offerings
6.1.6 Respironics, Inc. (Philips)
6.1.7 CleveMed and Product Offerings
6.1.8 SomnoMed Ltd. and Product Offerings
6.2 Pharmaceutical (Prescription and OTC) Companies
6.2.1 Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
6.2.1.1 Pimavanserin for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease Psychosis
6.2.1.2 Pimavanserin as a Co-therapy for Schizophrenia
6.2.1.3 ACP-104 for the Treatment of Schizophrenia
6.2.1.4 Pimavanserin for the Treatment of Sleep Maintenance Insomnia
6.2.1.5 Neuropathic Pain
6.2.1.6 Glaucoma
6.2.2 Actelion Ltd.
6.2.2.1 Actelion's Tracleer®
6.2.2.2 Tracleer in Digital Ulcers
6.2.2.3 Actelion's Ventavis®
6.2.2.4 Actelion's Zavesca®
6.2.2.5 Actelion's Focus on Sleep and Sleep Disorders
6.2.2.6 The Orexin System
6.2.2.7 Almorexant in Clinical Development
6.2.3 Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
6.2.3.1 Arena's R&D Programs
6.2.3.2 Arena Pharmaceuticals' Development Pipeline
6.2.3.3 Locaserin Hydrochloride for Obesity
6.2.3.4 APD125 for Insopmnia
6.2.4 Cephalon, Inc.
6.2.5 Eli Lilly and Company
6.2.5.1 Eli Lilly's Product Acquisitions, 2007
6.2.6 GlaxoSmithKline Plc
6.2.7 King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Product Offerings
6.2.7.1 King Pharmaceutical's R&D
6.2.7.2 King Pharmaceutical's Manufacturing
6.2.7.3 King Pharmaceutical's Financial Highlights
6.2.8 Neurogen Corporation
6.2.8.1 Neurogen's Insomnia Products
6.2.8.2 Positive Results in Phase IIb Studies in Chronic Insomnia
6.2.8.3 Positive Results in Phase IIb Studies with Adipiplon
6.2.8.4 Study 202-Primary Endpoint Sleep Maintenance
6.2.8.5 Study 203-Primary Endpoint Sleep Onset
6.2.8.6 Transient Insomnia
6.2.8.7 Study Results
6.2.8.8 Study Design
6.2.9 Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc.
6.2.9.1 Neurocrine's Pipeline-GnRH Antagonists
6.2.9.2 Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF1) Receptor Antagonists
6.2.9.3 Urocortin 2 for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
6.2.9.4 Neurocrine's Research Programs
6.2.9.5 Indiplon
6.2.10 Pfizer, Inc. and Product Offerings
6.2.10.1 Lipitor
6.2.10.2 Norvasc
6.2.10.3 Celebrex
6.2.10.4 Lyrica
6.2.10.5 Viagra
6.2.10.6 Xalatan/Xalacom
6.2.10.7 Zyrtec/Zyrtec D
6.2.10.8 Detrol/Detrol LA
6.2.10.9 Camptosar
6.2.10.10 Zyvox
6.2.10.11 Chantix/Champix
6.2.10.12 Geodon/Zeldox
6.2.10.13 Genotropin
6.2.10.14 Vfend
6.2.10.15 Sutent
6.2.10.16 Caudet
6.2.10.17 Zoloft
6.2.10.18 Zithromax/Zmax
6.2.10.19 Aricept
6.2.10.20 Replax
6.2.10.21 Revatio
6.2.10.22 Aromasin
6.2.10.23 Eraxis/Ecalta
6.2.10.24 Indiplon
6.2.10.25 Halcion (Triazolam)
6.2.11 Sanofi Aventis
6.2.11.1 Sanofi's Pharmaceutical Business in 2007
6.2.11.2 Sanofi's Human Vaccine Business in 2007
6.2.11.3 Ambien CR
6.2.11.4 Ambien
6.2.12 Schering-Plough Corporation
6.2.13 Sepracor, Inc.
6.2.14 SleepMed, Inc.
6.2.14.1 Home Sleep Disorders Sleep Laboratory Partnership Services
6.2.14.2 SleepMed's Self-test for Sleep Disorders
6.2.14.3 Sleepiness Scale
6.2.15 Somaxon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
6.2.15.1 Silenor (Doxepin HCl Tablets)-A Successful Clinical Development Program
6.2.16 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd.
6.2.17 Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.
6.2.17.1 Rozerem
6.2.18 Vanda Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
6.2.19 Wyeth
6.2.20 Valeant Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Appendix 1: Sleep-related Disorders in the U.S.
Appendix 1.1: Sleep and Smoking
Appendix 1.2: Sleep and Alcohol Use
Appendix 1.3: Sleep and Physical Inactivity
Appendix 1.4: Sleep and Obesity
Appendix 2: Chronic Shift Work Sleep Disorder and Treatment with Modafinil
Appendix 3: Sleep Centers and Sleep Labs
Appendix 3.1: Tests Performed in the Sleep Laboratories
Appendix 4: Obesity
Appendix 4.1: U.S. Obesity Trends, 2007
Appendix 4.2: Economic Consequences of Obesity
Appendix 4.3: Childhood Overweight and Obesity
Appendix 4.4: Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in a U.S. Pediatric Surgical Population
Appendix 5: Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation
Appendix 5.1: Sleep Physiology
Appendix 5.2: Two Types of Sleep
Appendix 5.3: NREM and REM Sleep Cycles
Appendix 5.4: Four Stages of NREM Sleep
Appendix 5.5: Stage I Sleep
Appendix 5.6: Stage II Sleep
Appendix 5.7: Stages III and IV-Slow Wave Sleep
Appendix 5.8: REKM Sleep
Appendix 5.9: Sleep-Wake Regulation
Appendix 5.10: Sleep-generating System in the Brain Stem
Appendix 5.11: Wake-generating System in the Brain Stem
Appendix 5.12: Circadian Rythms
Appendix 5.13: Change of Sleep Patterns with Age
Appendix 5.14: Sleep Architecture in Young Children
Appendix 5.15: Sleep Architecture in Adolescents
Appendix 5.16: Sleep Architecture in Adults
Appendix 5.17: Gender Difference and Sleep Architecture
Appendix 5.18: Sleep Architecture in Elderly People
Appendix 6: American Sleep Association
Appendix 6.1: Clinical Trials
Appendix 6.2: Risks in Clinical Trials
Appendix 6.3: Ideas for Clinical Trials
Appendix 6.4: Sponsors of Clinical Trials
Appendix 6.5: Placebo
Appendix 6.6: Control Group
Appendix 6.7: Different Phases of Clinical Trials
Appendix 7: Deprived Sleep and Automobile Crashes in the U.S.
Appendix 7.1: Biology of Human Sleep and Sleepiness
Appendix 7.2: Crash Characteristics
Appendix 7.3: Countermeasures
Appendix 7.4: Panel Recommendations
Appendix 7.5: Sleepiness Impairs Performance
Appendix 7.6: Causes of Sleepiness/Drowsy Driving
Appendix 7.7: Sleep Restriction or Loss
Appendix 7.8: Job-related Sleep Restrictions
Appendix 7.9: Personal Demands and Lifestyle Choices
Appendix 7.10: Sleep Fragmentation
Appendix 7.11: Characteristics of Drowsy-driving Crashes
Appendix 7.12: The Problem Occurs during Late Night Hours
Appendix 7.13: Crashes Occur on a High-speed Road
Appendix 7.14: More Single Occupant Crashes
Appendix 7.15: Consumption of Alcohol Increases Drowsiness
Appendix 7.16: Population Groups at Highest Risk of Road Crashes
Appendix 8: Sleep-related Organizations
Appendix 8.1: American Sleep Apnea Association
Appendix 8.2: The American Sleep Association
Appendix 8.3: National Sleep Foundation
Appendix 8.4: National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (NCSDR)
Appendix 8.4.1: Research
Appendix 8.4.2: Training
Appendix 8.4.3: Technology Transfer
Appendix 8.4.4: Coordination
Appendix 8.5: American Academy of Sleep Medicines
Appendix 8.6: International Restless Leg Syndrome Study Group
Appendix 8.7: The Movement Disorder Society

INDEX OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: Total Market for Leading Sleep Drugs, 2007
Figure 1.2: Sleep Product's Market Share, 2007
Figure 1.3: Percent Market Share of Leading CPAP Devices, 2008
Figure 1.4: U.S. Rx and OTC Sleeping Pills Market, 2003-2007
Figure 1.5: U.S. CPAP Sleep Apnea Devices Market, 2003-2007
Figure 1.6: U.S. Mattresses and Foundations Retail Market, 2003-2007
Figure 1.7: U.S. Sleep Lab Revenues, 2003-2007
Figure 1.8: Number of Accredited Sleep Labs in the U.S., 2003-2007
Figure 1.9: U.S. Growth of Sleep Center Beds, 2007-2009
Figure 1.10: Circadin's Effect on the Improvement in Quality of Sleep
Figure 2.1: Hours of Sleep in a Sample U.S. Population, 2008
Figure 2.2: Treatment Effects on Patients with Hypersomnia
Figure 2.3: Adults with Sleep Apnea Symptoms who Sought Medical Care in the U.S., 2006
Figure 2.4: Sleep Apnea Percentage by Medical Specialty as Reported by NAMCS
Figure 2.5: NAMCS Ages of Sleep Apnea Patients
Figure 2.6: Age-specific Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Diagnosed
Figure 2.7: Prevalence of Sleep Aid Use by Age Group in the U.S., 1998-2006
Figure 2.8: Percentage of Sleep Aid Users Younger than 45 Years Old in the U.S., 1998-2006
Figure 2.9: Prevalence of Mental Health Diagnoses Made in First Sleep Aid Users by Provider Type
Figure 2.10: Common Symptoms of Insomnia
Figure 2.11: Insomnia Patient Population, 2007
Figure 2.12: Obesity Prevalence by Age and Sex in the U.S., 2005-2006
Figure 2.13: Prevalence of Obesity in U.S. Women by Age and Race/Ethnicity, 2005-2006
Figure 2.14: The Globally Growing Market for Insomnia, 2001-2006
Figure 2.15: Global Prescription for Insomnia Products, 2001-2006
Figure 2.16: Global Sales of Insomnia Drugs, 2007
Figure 2.17: Global Insomnia Market, 2005-2009
Figure 2.18: Frequency of Insomnia Symptoms in the U.S. Adult Population
Figure 2.19: U.S. Sleep Market-Under-Penetrated
Figure 2.20: U.S. Sleep Market Growth, 2009
Figure 2.21: Time to Sleep for RLS Sufferers
Figure 2.22: Times RLS Sufferers Woken at Night
Figure 2.23: RLS Sufferers Referred to Specialist by Country
Figure 3.1: Dalmane's Market, 2005-2007
Figure 3.2: Global Market for Lunesta, 2005-2007
Figure 3.3: Sonata's (Zaleplon) Sales, 2005-2007
Figure 3.4: Total Sales for Four Leading Brands of Sleeping Pills, 2007
Figure 3.5: WASO
Figure 5.1: Number of Accredited Sleep Labs in the U.S., 2003-2007
Figure 5.2: Sleep Monitoring Revenue Distribution by Provider Type in the U.S., 2006
Figure 5.3: U.S. Sleep Lab Revenues, 2003-2007
Figure 6.1: Chad's Business for the Six months ended September, 2006 and 2007
Figure 6.2: Chad's R&D Expenditure for the Six Months Ended September, 2006 and 2007
Figure 6.3: Chad's Business in Geographic Region/Country for Six Months Ended September, 2007
Figure 6.4: Compumedics' Revenue, 2003-2008
Figure 6.5: Compumedics' R&D Expenditure, 2007 and 2008
Figure 6.6: Compumedics' Business Revenue from the U.S., 2003-2008
Figure 6.7: Compumedics' Global Sleep Diagnostic Market, 2008
Figure 6.8: Compumedics' Global Brain Research Market, 2008
Figure 6.9: Compumedics' Global Neurodiagnostics Market, 2008
Figure 6.10: Compumedics' Global Neuromedical Supplies Market, 2008
Figure 6.11: Compumedics' Global Doppler Ultrsound Market, 2008
Figure 6.12: Covidien's Medical Device Business Sales, 2005-2007
Figure 6.13: Covidien's Pharmaceutical Products Business Sales, 2005-2007
Figure 6.14: Covidien's Imaging Solutions Business Sales, 2005-2007
Figure 6.15: Covidien's Medical Supplies Business Sales, 2005-2007
Figure 6.16: Covidien's Retail Products Business Sales, 2005-2007
Figure 6.17: Covidien's Net Sales by Geographic Area, 2005-2007
Figure 6.18: Covidien's R&D Expenditure, 2005-2007
Figure 6.19: ResMed's Percent Net Revenue from North and Latin America, 2006-2008
Figure 6.20: ResMed's Percent Net Revenue from Europe, 2006-2008
Figure 6.21: ResMed's Percent Net Revenue from Asia Pacific, 2006-2008
Figure 6.22: Number of Employees in ResMed and its Subsidiaries, 2008
Figure 6.23: ResMed's Consolidated Statement of Income Data, 2004-2008
Figure 6.24: ResMed's R&D Expenditure, 2004-2008
Figure 6.25: Respironics' Business, 2006 and 2007
Figure 6.26: SomnoMed's OSA Global Market Size Projection, 2007 and 2008
Figure 6.27: Growth Projection for SomnoMed MAS, 2005-2010
Figure 6.28: Acadia's Revenue, 2003-2007
Figure 6.29: Acadia's R&D Expenses, 2003-2007
Figure 6.30: Actelion's Sales Revenue from Three of its Brands, 2007
Figure 6.31: Actelion's Revenue, 2007-2008
Figure 6.32: Actelion's Net Revenues and Net Income, 2006 and 2007
Figure 6.33: Actelion's Sales Revenue, 2006-2008
Figure 6.34: Arena's Research Expenditure, 2005-2007
Figure 6.35: Arena's Revenue, 2003-2007
Figure 6.36: Arena's Revenue from Partnered Programs, 2005-2007
Figure 6.37: Provigil Sales Revenue, 2007
Figure 6.38: Cephalon's Percent Net Sales of Provigil, Fentora and Actiq, 2007
Figure 6.39: Cephalon's Consolidated Total Revenue, 2003-2007
Figure 6.40: Cephalon's R&D Expenditure, 2006-2007
Figure 6.41: Cephalon's Total Sales Revenue of Products by Segment, 2007
Figure 6.42: Eli Lilly's Products Launched this Decade Contributed $6.0 Billion, 2007
Figure 6.43: Eli Lilly's Six Products Exceeded $1.0 Billion in Net Sales, 2007
Figure 6.44: Eli Lilly's Growth Across Therapeutic Areas, 2007
Figure 6.45: Eli Lilly's Gross Margin, 2003-2007
Figure 6.46: Eli Lilly's Increased R&D Investment, 2003-2007
Figure 6.47: GSK's Top Five Consumer Healthcare Products by Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.48: GSK's Employee Numbers by Region, 2007
Figure 6.49: GSK's Respiratory Products' Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.50: GSK's Central Nervous System Products' Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.51: GSK's HIV Products' Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.52: GSK's Herpes Products' Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.53: GSK's Metabolic Products' Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.54: GSK's Vaccines' Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.55: GSK's Cardiovascular and Urogenital Products' Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.56: GSK's Oncology and Emesis Products' Turnover, 2007
Figure 6.57: GSK's Pharmaceutical Turnover from the U.S. and Europe, 2007
Figure 6.58: GSK's Pharmaceuticals Turnover in the International Market, 2007
Figure 6.59: GSK's Total Turnover of Pharmaceuticals and Consumer Healthcare, 2005-2007
Figure 6.60: GSK's R&D Expenditure, 2005-2007
Figure 6.61: King's Net Sales of Neuroscience Products, 2007
Figure 6.62: King's Net Sales of Hospital Products, 2007
Figure 6.63: King's Net Sales of Acute Care Products, 2007
Figure 6.64: King's Net Sales of Cardiovascular/Metabolic Products, 2007
Figure 6.65: King's Research Expenditure, 2005-2007
Figure 6.66: Neurogen's R&D Expenditure, 2005-2007
Figure 6.67: Funding by Neurogen's Collaborative Partners in R&D, 2005-2007
Figure 6.68: Neurogen's Business, 2003-2007
Figure 6.69: Mean LPS in Minutes for Each Arm of the Study
Figure 6.70: Neurocrine's Total Revenue, 2002-2006
Figure 6.71: Neurocrine's R&D Expenditure, 2002-2006
Figure 6.72: Pfizer's Revenue, 2005-2007
Figure 6.73: Pfizer's R&D Expenditure, 2005-2007
Figure 6.74: Pfizer's Sales Revenues from its Pharmaceutical Medicines, 2007
Figure 6.75: Pfizer's Revenue from Pharmaceutical Medicines, 2007
Figure 6.76: Pfizer's Sales Revenue from its Pharmaceutical Products, 2007
Figure 6.77: Pfizer's Sales Revenue from its Pharmaceutical Products, 2007
Figure 6.78: Pfizer's Sales Revenue from its Pharmaceutical Products, 2007
Figure 6.79: Global Market for Pharmaceutical Medicines by Disease Segment, 2012
Figure 6.80: Pfizer's Revenue by Business Segments, 2005-2007
Figure 6.81: Pfizer's Revenue by Segment, 2007
Figure 6.82: Sanofi's Business, 2004-2007
Figure 6.83: Sanofi's Business, 2007
Figure 6.84: Sanofi's Top Five Pharmaceutical's Sales, 2007
Figure 6.85: Sanofi's Global Sales of Flavix, 2007
Figure 6.86: Sanofi's Human Vaccine Business, 2007
Figure 6.87: Schering-Plough's Consolidated Sales Revenue, 2005-2007
Figure 6.88: Schering-Plough's Human Prescription Pharmaceutical Sales, 2005-2007
Figure 6.89: Schering-Plough's Animal Health Product's Revenue, 2005-2007
Figure 6.90: Schering-Plough's Consumer Healthcare Revenue, 2005-2007
Figure 6.91: Schering-Plough's R&D Expenditure, 2005-2007
Figure 6.92: Schering-Plough's Sales Revenue from Top Seven Human Prescription Pharmaceuticals, 2007
Figure 6.93: Sepracor's Total Revenues, 2003-2007
Figure 6.94: Sepracor's Revenue from Lunesta, 2005-2007
Figure 6.95: Sepracor's Revenue from Xoponex, 2005-2007
Figure 6.96: Sepracor's Employee Distribution, 2007
Figure 6.97: Somaxon's R&D Expenditure, 2004-2007
Figure 6.98: Takeda's Business, 2006-2008
Figure 6.99: Takeda's Net Sales by Region, 2006-2008
Figure 6.100: Takeda's R&D Expenditure, 2006-2008
Figure 6.101: Takeda's Performance in Europe, 2003-2007
Figure 6.102: Net Sales of Actos, 2003-2007
Figure 6.103: Total Global Pharmaceutical Market by Region, 2007
Figure 6.104: Takeda's Net Sales of International Strategic Products, 2007
Figure 6.105: Takeda's Net Sales by Region, 2007
Figure 6.106: Wyeth's Sales Revenue, 2006 and 2007
Figure 6.107: Wyeth's Pharmaceutical Sales Revenue, 2007
Figure 6.108: Wyeth's Business, 2004-2007
Figure 6.109: Wyeth's R&D Expenditure, 2004-2007
Figure 6.110: Wyeth's Revenue by Segment, 2004-2007
Figure 6.111: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Total Revenues, 2003-2007
Figure 6.112: Valeant Pharmaceutical's R&D Expenditure, 2003-2007
Figure 6.113: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Total Turnover in Neurology Products, 2005-2007
Figure 6.114: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Total Turnover for its Dermatology Products, 2005-2007
Figure 6.115: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Total Turnover for Infectious Diseases' Products, 2005-2007
Figure A1.1: Age-adjusted Percentage of Hours of Sleep in a Day Among Adults in the U.S., 2006
Figure A1.2: Age-adjusted Percentage of Adults who Currently Smoked Cigarettes and Age-adjusted Percentage who had Five or More Drinks in a Day in the U.S., 2004-2005
Figure A1.3: Age-adjusted Percentage of Adults who were Physically Inactive and Age-adjusted Percentage who were Obese by Usual Hours of Sleep in a Day in the U.S., 2004-2006
Figure A2.1: Mean Change from Baseline to Final Visit in Functional Outcomes of FOSQ Domain Scores by Treatment Group
Figure A4.1: Prevalence of Obesity Among Adult Men and Women, 2005 and 2006
Figure A4.2: Obesity Prevalence by Age and Sex in the U.S., 2006
Figure A4.3: Trends in Obesity by Sex 20 Years and Older in the U.S., 2000-2006
Figure A4.4: Prevalence of Obesity among Males by Age, Race/Ethnicity in the U.S., 2005-2006
Figure A4.5: Prevalence of Obesity in Women by Age, Race/Ethnicity in the U.S., 2005-2006
Figure A4.6: Childhood Obesity in LA County, 2001-2010
Figure A4.7: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Classification by Weight Group
Figure A4.8: Age Group and Gender-specific Prevalence (%) of Overweight and Obesity
Figure A5.1: Progression of Sleep States across a Single Night in Young Adult
Figure A5.2: Characteristic EEG Activity of Each of the Four Stages of NREM Sleep
Figure A7.1: Time of Occurrence of Crashes for 25 Years of Age or Younger
Figure A7.2: Time of Occurrence of Crashes for Drivers between 25 and 46 Years of Age
Figure A7.3: Time of Occurrence of Crashes for Drivers between 45 and 66 Years of Age
Figure A7.4: Time of Occurrence of Crashes for Drivers older than 65 Years
Figure A7.5: Interaction between Alcohol and Sleepiness
Figure A7.6: Percent Crashes by the Young Men

INDEX OF TABLES
Table 1.1: Sleep Center Locations in New York
Table 2.1: Drugs of Short and Long-acting Hypnotics
Table 2.2: Characteristics of Patients with Sleep Apnea in the NAMCS Database
Table 2.3: Prevalence of Sleep Apnea
Table 2.4: The Hallmark Symptoms of Insomnia
Table 2.5: The Four New Currently Available Sleeping Pills, 2008
Table 2.6: Cost of Newer Insomnia Drugs and Selected Older Ones, 2008
Table 6.1: ResMed's Product Portfolio, 2008
Table 6.2: Acadia's Programs, 2007
Table 6.3: Actelion's Products in the Market, 2007
Table 6.4: Actelion's Clinical Development Pipeline, 2007
Table 6.5: Actelion's Consolidated Financial Position, 2006 and 2007
Table 6.6: Actelion's Geographic Information, 2006 and 2007
Table 6.7: Arena's Independent and Partnered Research Programs, 2007
Table 6.8: Cephalon's Product Profile, 2007
Table 6.9: Eli Lilly's Net Sales Activity, 2007
Table 6.10: Trade Marks of Eli Lilly's Products, 2007
Table 6.11: King's Product Portfolio, 2007
Table 6.12: King's Summary of Net Revenues by Operating Segment, 2005-2007
Table 6.13: King's Branded Prescription Products
Table 6.14: Neurogen's Clinical Development Programs, 2007
Table 6.15: Mean LPS in Minutes
Table 6.16: Neurocrine's Product Pipeline
Table 6.17: Pfizer's R&D Pipeline, 2008
Table 6.18: Pfizer's Revenue by Product, 2006 and 2007
Table 6.19: Pfizer's Revenue from Major Pharmaceutical Products, 2005-2007
Table 6.20: Recent FDA Approved Products from Pfizer, 2007
Table 6.21: Pfizer's Pending New Drug Applications (NDAs) and Supplemental Filings in U.S., 2007
Table 6.22: Regulatory Approvals and Filings in the E.U. and Japan
Table 6.23: Pfizer's Revenue by Geographic Region, 2005-2007
Table 6.24: Pfizer's Revenue by Therapeutic Area, 2005-2007
Table 6.25: Sanofi's Pharmaceutical and Human Vaccine Business, 2007
Table 6.26: Sanofi's R&D, 2007
Table 6.27: Sanofi's Vaccine Pipeline, 2007
Table 6.28: Net Sales of Schering-Plough's Products, 2005-2007
Table 6.29: Sepracor's Products and Pipeline, 2007
Table 6.30: Sepracor's Launch and Target Launch Dates, 1999-2014
Table 6.31: Sepracor's Selected Financial Data, 2003-2007
Table 6.32: SleepMed's Self-test Questionnaire
Table 6.33: SleepMed's Sleep Assessment Form
Table 6.34: Sleepiness Scale
Table 6.35: Silenor Clinical Program
Table 6.36: Takeda's Global Locations, 2008
Table 6.37: Takeda's Net Sales by Region, 2006-2008
Table 6.38: Takeda's R&D Pipeline, 2008
Table 6.39: Takeda's R&D Pipeline, 2007
Table 6.40: Takeda's In-Licensing and Alliance Activities, 2007
Table 6.41: Number of Employees in Takeda, 2006-2008
Table 6.42: Vanda's Candidates in Clinical Development
Table 6.43: Wyeth's Pipeline of Products, 2007
Table A1.1: Age-adjusted Percentages of Adults Engaged in Selected Health Risk Behaviors by Hours of Sleep in the U.S., 2004-2006
Table A1.2: Age-adjusted Percentages of Adults Engaged in Selected Health Risk Behavior by Sex and Hours of Sleep in the U.S., 2004-2006
Table A1.3: Age-adjusted Percentages of Adults Engaged in Selected Health Risk Behaviors by Age and Hours of Sleep in the U.S., 2004-2006
Table A2.1: Most Common Adverse Events Occurring in At least Five Percent of Patients
Table A4.1: Sample BMIs for Weight and Height Ranges
Table A4.2: U.S. Obesity Rates, 2007
Table A4.3: Demographic Statistics of a Pediatric Surgical Population in the U.S.
Table A5.1: Physiological Changes during NREM and REM Sleep
Table A5.2: Percent Sleep for Young Children
Table A5.3: Percent Sleep for Young Adults
Table A5.4: Percent Sleep for Elderly Adult
Table A6.1: Current Sleep-related Clinical Trials
Table A6.2: Just Completed and On-going Clinical Trials for Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders